Ideas from 'Ontology and the Ambitions of Metaphysics' by Thomas Hofweber [2016], by Theme Structure
[found in 'Ontology and the Ambitions of Metaphysics' by Hofweber,Thomas [OUP 2018,978-0-198-80223-5]].
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1. Philosophy / E. Nature of Metaphysics / 1. Nature of Metaphysics
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21634
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Metaphysics is (supposedly) first the ontology, then in general what things are like
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1. Philosophy / E. Nature of Metaphysics / 7. Against Metaphysics
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21666
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'Fundamentality' is either a superficial idea, or much too obscure
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3. Truth / H. Deflationary Truth / 1. Redundant Truth
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21640
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'It's true that Fido is a dog' conjures up a contrast class, of 'it's false' or 'it's unlikely'
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5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 7. Second-Order Logic
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21657
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Since properties can have properties, some theorists rank them in 'types'
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5. Theory of Logic / F. Referring in Logic / 1. Naming / c. Names as referential
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21653
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Maybe not even names are referential, but are just by used by speakers to refer
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5. Theory of Logic / F. Referring in Logic / 1. Naming / d. Singular terms
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21636
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'Singular terms' are not found in modern linguistics, and are not the same as noun phrases
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21637
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If two processes are said to be identical, that doesn't make their terms refer to entities
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5. Theory of Logic / G. Quantification / 1. Quantification
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The inferential quantifier focuses on truth; the domain quantifier focuses on reality
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6. Mathematics / A. Nature of Mathematics / 3. Nature of Numbers / a. Numbers
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21644
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Numbers are used as singular terms, as adjectives, and as symbols
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21646
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The Amazonian Piraha language is said to have no number words
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6. Mathematics / A. Nature of Mathematics / 4. Using Numbers / f. Arithmetic
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21665
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The fundamental theorem of arithmetic is that all numbers are composed uniquely of primes
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6. Mathematics / A. Nature of Mathematics / 4. Using Numbers / g. Applying mathematics
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21649
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How can words be used for counting if they are objects?
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6. Mathematics / C. Sources of Mathematics / 6. Logicism / a. Early logicism
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21647
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Logicism makes sense of our ability to know arithmetic just by thought
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6. Mathematics / C. Sources of Mathematics / 6. Logicism / c. Neo-logicism
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21648
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Neo-Fregeans are dazzled by a technical result, and ignore practicalities
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7. Existence / C. Structure of Existence / 5. Supervenience / c. Significance of supervenience
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21664
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Supervenience offers little explanation for things which necessarily go together
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7. Existence / D. Theories of Reality / 3. Reality
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21660
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Reality can be seen as the totality of facts, or as the totality of things
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7. Existence / D. Theories of Reality / 8. Facts / a. Facts
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21661
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There are probably ineffable facts, systematically hidden from us
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9. Objects / A. Existence of Objects / 6. Nihilism about Objects
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21652
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Our perceptual beliefs are about ordinary objects, not about simples arranged chair-wise
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10. Modality / B. Possibility / 9. Counterfactuals
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Counterfactuals are essential for planning, and learning from mistakes
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19. Language / A. Nature of Meaning / 1. Meaning
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21654
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The "Fido"-Fido theory of meaning says every expression in a language has a referent
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19. Language / A. Nature of Meaning / 7. Meaning Holism / c. Meaning by Role
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21641
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Inferential role semantics is an alternative to semantics that connects to the world
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19. Language / C. Assigning Meanings / 1. Syntax
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21638
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Syntactic form concerns the focus of the sentence, as well as the truth-conditions
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19. Language / C. Assigning Meanings / 3. Predicates
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21658
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Properties can be expressed in a language despite the absence of a single word for them
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21659
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'Being taller than this' is a predicate which can express many different properties
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19. Language / C. Assigning Meanings / 4. Compositionality
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21655
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Compositonality is a way to build up the truth-conditions of a sentence
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19. Language / D. Propositions / 1. Propositions
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Proposition have no content, because they are content
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19. Language / D. Propositions / 2. Abstract Propositions / a. Propositions as sense
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21635
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Without propositions there can be no beliefs or desires
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19. Language / D. Propositions / 3. Concrete Propositions
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21662
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Do there exist thoughts which we are incapable of thinking?
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19. Language / F. Communication / 5. Pragmatics / a. Contextual meaning
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21645
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'Semantic type coercion' is selecting the reading of a word to make the best sense
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19. Language / F. Communication / 5. Pragmatics / b. Implicature
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21639
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'Background deletion' is appropriately omitting background from an answer
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